A new study led by Michigan State University researcher Peter Williams sheds light on the profound influence of deep geographic isolation on the evolution of mammals. Published in Nature Communications, the research reveals how long-lasting separation between continents has shaped distinct mammal communities around the globe. "Today's ecology was not inevitable. If there were different isolating factors long ago, we might have vastly different ecosystems today," said Peter Williams, the lead author of the study. Williams is a research associate in the Integrative Biology department and a postdoctoral researcher in MSU's Ecology, Evolution and Behavior program, or EEB. While environmental factors like climate and vegetation are well-known drivers of biodiversity, the new study highlights the crucial role that isolation played for mammals. "Think tree-dwelling mammals," Williams said. "Despite similar climates, you'll find koalas in Australia and squirrels in Spain." What you won't find, however, are koalas native to Spain or squirrels native to Australia. "That distinction stems from deep-seated geographic isolation and diverging evolutionary paths long ago," Williams said. With this new perspective, the findings of this research don't just satisfy curiosity about that natural world. The report holds significant implications for conservation efforts and modern ecological issues. "By understanding how historical isolation has shaped biodiversity, we can gain valuable insights into the delicate balance of ecosystems and develop strategies for protecting biodiversity in regions with unique evolutionary histories," Williams said. "In ecology, even hyperlocal problems need to incorporate regional, continental or even global processes - weather patterns, ocean currents or, in this case, deep-seated geographic barriers," said Elise Zipkin, co-author of the study and associate professor of integrative biology. She's also... |